[سيد العياط]

عايز قاموس للمصطلحات الالكترونيه

[ابوتقى 20]

بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
المصطلحات الالكترونية
مرتبة أبجديا

A
Abbreviation for "ampere" a unit of electrical current

absorption
Loss or dissipation of energy as it travels through a medium, Example: radio waves lose some of their energy as they travel through the atmosphere.

AC
Abbreviation for "Alternating Current"

acceptor atoms
Trivalent atoms that accept free electrons from pentavalent atoms

AC coupling
Circuit that passes an AC signal while blocking a DC voltage.

AC/DC
Equipment that will operate on either an AC or DC power source.

AC generator
Device used to transform mechanical energy into AC electrical power.


AC load line
A graph representing all possible combinations of AC output voltage
and current for an amplifier.

AC power supply
Power supply that delivers an AC voltage.

active component
A component that changes the amplitude of a signal between input and output.

active filter
A filter that uses an amplifier in addition to reactive components to pass or reject selected frequencies.

active region
The region of BJT operation between saturation and cutoff used for linear amplification.

AC voltage
A voltage in which the polarity alternates.

ADC
Abbreviation for "analog to digital converter"

Admittance
(symbol "Y") Measure of how easily AC will flow through a circuit. Admittance is the reciprocal of impedance and is measured in siemens.

AF
Abbreviation for "audio frequency".

AFC
Abbreviation for "automatic frequency control".

AGC
Abbreviation for "automatic gain control"


alligator clip
Spring clip on the end of a test lead used to make a temporary connection.

alpha
Ratio of collector current to emitter current in a bipolar junction transistor (BJT). Greek letter alpha "a" is the symbol used.


alternator
Name for an AC generator.

AM
Abbreviation for "amplitude modulation"

ammeter
A meter used to measure current.

ampere
Unit of electrical current.

amplifier
A circuit that increases the voltage, current, or power of a signal.

amplitude:
Magnitude or size of a signal voltage or current.

analog
Information represented as continously varying voltage or current rather than in discrete levels as opposed to digital data varying between two discrete levels.

anode The positive electrode or terminal of a device. The "P" material of a diode.

antenna, transmitting
A device that converts an electrical wave into an electromagnetic wave that radiates away from the antenna.

antenna, receiving
A device that converts a radiated electromagnetic wave into an electrical wave.

apparent power
Power attained in an AC circuit as a product of effective voltage and current which reach their peak at different times.

arc
Discharge of electricity through a gas such as lightning discharging through the atmosphere.

armature:
The rotating or moving component of a magnetic circuit.


astable multivibrator
An oscillator that produces a square wave output from a DC voltage.

atom
The smallest particle that an element can be broken down into and still maintain its unique identity.

atomic number
The number of positive charges or protons in the nucleus of an atom.

attenuate
To reduce the amplitude of an action or signal. The opposite of amplification.

autotransformer
A single winding transformer where the output is taken from taps on the winding.

average value
A value of voltage or current where the area of the wave above the value equals the area of the wave below the value.

AVC
Abbreviation for "automatic volume control"

avionics
Aviation electronics.

AWG
Abbreviation for "american wire gauge". A gauge that assigns a number value to the diameter of a wire.
=================================== =============== =======================
B

balanced bridge
Condition that occurs when a bridge circuit is adjusted to produce a zero output.

band-pass filter
A tuned circuit designed to pass a band of frequencies between a lower cut-off frequency (f1) and a higher cut-off frequency (f2). Frequencies above and below the pass band are heavily attenuated.

band-stop filter
A tuned circuit designed to stop frequencies between a lower cut-off frequency (f1) and a higher cut-off frequency (f2) of the amplifier while passing all other frequencies.

bandwidth
Width of the band of frequencies between the half power points.

barrier potential
The natural difference of potential that exists across a forward biased pn junction.

base
The region that lies betwen the emitter and collector of a bipolar junction transistor (BJT).

base biasing
A method of biasing a BJT in which the bias voltage is supplied to the base by means of a resistor.

battery
A DC voltage source containing two or more cells that convert chemical energy to electrical energy.

baud
A unit of signaling speed equal to the number of signal events per second. Not necessarily the same as bits per second.

beta
(b) The ratio of collector current to base current in a bipolar junction transistor (BJT).

bias
A DC voltage applied to a device to control its operation.

binary
A number system having only two symbols, 0 and 1. A base 2 number system.

bipolar junction transistor
(BJT), A three terminal device in which emitter to collector current is controlled by base current.

bistable multivibrator
A multivibrator with two stable states. An external signal is required to change the output from one state to the other. Also called a latch.

bleeder current
A current drawn continously from a souce. Bleeder current is used to stabilize the output voltage of a source.

bode plot
A graph of gain versus frequency.

branch current
The portion of total current flowing in one path of a parallel circuit.

breakdown voltage
Voltage at which the breakdown of a dialectric or insulator occurs.

breakover voltage
Minimum voltage required to cause a diac to break down and conduct.

bridge rectifier
A circuit using four diodes to provide full wave rectification. Converts an AC voltage to a pulsating DC voltage.


buffer
An amplifier used to isolate a load from a source.

bulk resistance
The natural resistance of a "P" type or "N" type semiconductor material.

butterworth filter
A type of active filter characterized by a constant gain (flat response) across the midband of the circuit and a 20 dB per decade roll-off rate for each pole contained in the circuit.

BW
Abbreviation for bandwidth.

bypass capacitor
A capacitor used to provide an AC ground at some point in a circuit.

byte
Group of eight binary digits or bits.

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[ابوتقى 20]

C

cable
Group of two or more insulated wires.

CAD
Abbreviation for "computer aided design"

calibration
To adjust the correct value of a reading by comparison to a standard.

capacitance
The ability of a capacitor to store an electrical charge. The basic unit of capacitance is the Farad.

capacitive reactance
The opposition to current flow provided by a capacitor. Capacitive reactance is measured in ohms and varies inversly with frequency.

capacitor
An electronic component having capacitive reactance.

capacitor microphone
Microphone whose operation depends on variations in capacitance caused by varying air pressure on the movable plate of a capacitor.

carbon-film resistor
Device made by depositing a thin carbon film on a ceramic form.

carbon microphone
Microphone whose operation depends on pressure variation in carbon granules causing a change in resistance.

carbon resistor
Resistor of fixed value made by mixing carbon granules with a binder which is moulded and then baked.

cascaded amplifier
An amplifier with two or more stages arranged in a series configuration.

cascode amplifier
A high frequency amplifier made up of a common-source amplifier with a common-gate amplifier in its drain network.

cathode
The negative terminal electrode of a device. The "N" material in a junction diode.

cathode ray tube
(CRT) Vacuum tube used to display data in a visual form. Picture tube of a television or computer terminal.

cell
Single unit used to convert chemical energy into a DC electrical voltage.

center frequency
Frequency to which an amplifier is tuned. The frequency half way between the cut-off frequencies of a tuned circuit.

center tap
Midway connection between the two ends of a winding.

center tapped rectifier
Circuit that make use of a center tapped transformer and two diodes to provide full wave rectification.

center tapped transformer
A transformer with a connection at the electrical center of a winding.

ceramic capacitor
Capacitor in which the dialectric is ceramic.

charge
Quantity of electrical energy.

charge current
Current that flows to charge a capacitor or battery when voltage is applied.

chassis
****l box or frame into which components are mounted.

chassis ground
Connection to a chassis.

chebyshev filter
A type of active filter characterized by high roll-off rates (40 dB per decade per pole) and midband gain that is not constant.

choke
Inductor used to oppose the flow of alternating current.

circuit
Interconnection of components to provide an electrical path between two or more components.

circuit breaker
A protective device used to open a circuit when current exceeds a maximum value. In effect a reusable fuse.

clamper
A diode circuit used to change the DC level of a waveform without distorting the waveform.

clapp oscillator
A variation of the Colpitts oscillator. An added capacitor is used to eliminate the effects of stray capacitance on the operation of the basic Colpitts oscillator.

class A amplifier
A linear amplifier biased so the active device conducts through 360 degrees of the input waveform.

class B amplifier
An amplifier with two active devices. The active components are biased so that each conducts for approximately 180 degrees of the input waveform cycle.

class C amplifier
An amplifier in which the active device conducts for less than 180 degrees of the input waveform cycle.

clipper
A diode circuit used to eliminate part of a waveform

clipping
Distortion caused by overdriving an amplifier.

clock
A square waveform used for synchronizing and timing of several circuits.

closed circuit
Circuit having a complete path for current flow.


coaxial cable
Transmission line in which the signal carrying conductor is covered by a dialectric and another conductor.

coefficient of coupling
The degree of coupling between two circuits.

]coercive force
(H) Magnetizing force needed to reduce residual magnetism in a material to zero.

collector
The semiconductor region in a bipolar junction transistor through which a flow of charge carriers leaves the base region.

collector characteristic curve
A graph of collector voltage over collector current for a given base current.

color code
Set of colors used to indicate value of a component.


common-anode display
A multisegment light emitting diode (LED) with a single positive voltage input connection. Separate cathode connections are provided for each individual segment.

common cathode display
A multisegment light emitting diode (LED) with a single negative voltage input connection. Separate anode connections are provided for each individual segment.

common base amplifier
A BJT circuit in which the base connection is common to both input and output.

common collector amplifier
A BJT circuit in which the collector connection is common to both input and output.

common drain amplifier
A FET circuit in which the drain connection is common to both input and output.

common emitter amplifier
A BJT circuit in which the emitter connection is common to both input and output.

common gate amplifier
A FET circuit in which the gate connection is common to both input and output.

common source amplifier
A FET circuit in which the source connection is common to both input and output.

common-mode rejection ratio
(CMRR) The ratio of op-amp differential gain to common-mode gain. A measure of an op-amp's ability to reject common-mode signals such as noise.

common-mode signals
Signals that appear simultaneously at two inputs of an operational amplifier (op-amp). Common mode signals are always equal in amplitude and phase.

comparitor
An op-amp circuit that compares two inputs and provides a DC output indicating the polarity relationship between the inputs.

complementary symmetry amplifier
A class B amplifier using matched complementry transistors. Does not require a phase inverter for push-pull output.

complementry transistors
Two transistors, one NPN and one PNP having near identical charastics. N-channel and P-channel FETs can also be complementry.

complex numbers
Numbers composed of a real number part and an imaginary number part.

compliance
The maximum possible peak-to-peak output of an amplifier.

constant current circuit
Circuit used to maintain constant current to a load having resistance that changes.

contact
Current carrying part of a switch, relay or connector.

continuity
Occurs when a complete path for current exists.

conventional current flow
Concept of current produced by the movement of positive charges towards the negative terminal of a source.

copper loss
Power lost in transformers, generators, connecting wires and other parts of a circuit due to current flow through the resistance of copper conductors.

core
Magnetic material within a coil used to concentrate the magnetic field.

coulomb
Unit of electric charge. A negative coulomb charge consists of 6.24 × 1018 electrons.

counter electromotive force
(counter emf) Voltage induced into an inductor due to an alternating or pulsating current. Counter emf is always in polarity opposite to that of the applied voltage. Opposing a change of current.

coupling
To electronically connect two circuits so that signal will pass from one to the other.

Feed configuration where a portion of the output current is fed to the amplifier input.

current mirror
Term used to describe the fact that DC current through the base circuit of a class B amplifier is approximately equal to the DC collector current.

cutoff
Condition when an active device is biased such that output current is near zero or beyond zero.

cutoff frequency
Frequency at which the power gain of an amplifier falls below 50% of maximum



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[سيد العياط]

رائع يا باش مهندس بس انا عايز قاموس مترجم من انجليزي لعربي
وجزاكم الله خيرا علي الرد